The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.